An Empirical Analysis of the Role of Amplifiers, Downtoners, and Negations in Emotion Classification in Microblogs

The effect of amplifiers, downtoners, and negations has been studied in general and particularly in the context of sentiment analysis. However, there is only limited work which aims at transferring the results and methods to discrete classes of emotions, e. g., joy, anger, fear, sadness, surprise, and disgust. For instance, it is not straight-forward to interpret which emotion the phrase "not happy" expresses. With this paper, we aim at obtaining a better understanding of such modifiers in the context of emotion-bearing words and their impact on document-level emotion classification, namely, microposts on Twitter. We select an appropriate scope detection method for modifiers of emotion words, incorporate it in a document-level emotion classification model as additional bag of words and show that this approach improves the performance of emotion classification. In addition, we build a term weighting approach based on the different modifiers into a lexical model for the analysis of the semantics of modifiers and their impact on emotion meaning. We show that amplifiers separate emotions expressed with an emotion- bearing word more clearly from other secondary connotations. Downtoners have the opposite effect. In addition, we discuss the meaning of negations of emotion-bearing words. For instance we show empirically that "not happy" is closer to sadness than to anger and that fear-expressing words in the scope of downtoners often express surprise.Comment: Accepted for publication at The 5th IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Advanced Analytics (DSAA), https://dsaa2018.isi.it

The Impact of intensifiers, diminishers and negations on emotion expressions

There are several areas of application for emotion detection systems, for example social media analysis, for which it is important to reliably recognize expressed emotions. This thesis takes negations, intensifiers and diminishers on emotion expressions in Tweets into account, in order to study whether this can improve an emotion detection system. It uses different emotion classifiers together with various modifier detection approaches to evaluate the impact of modifiers on emotion expressions. The results show that an emotion detection system can be slightly improved if negations are taken into account. The thesis also studies the correlation between modified emotion words and basic emotions to obtain a better understanding about modified emotions. The analysis of the results shows correlations between modified and basic emotions, which enables us to determine the expressed basic emotion of modified emotion words.Es existieren viele verschiedene Anwendungsgebiete für Systeme die Emotionen erkennen können, beispielsweise die Analyse von sozialen Medien, für die eine verlässliche Erkennung von ausgedrückten Emotionen wichtig ist. In dieser Arbeit werden Wörter, welche ausgedrückte Emotionen negieren, verstärken oder abschwächen anhand von Tweets in Betracht gezogen, um zu untersuchen, ob dies ein System zur Emotionserkennung verbessern kann. Es werden verschiedene Methoden zur Emotionserkennung mit unterschiedlichen Verfahren zur Erkennung solcher Modifikatoren verbunden, um den Einfluss von Modifikationen auf ausgedrückte Emotionen zu evaluieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ein System zur Emotionserkennung leicht verbessert werden kann, wenn Negationen mit in Betracht gezogen werden. In dieser Arbeit werden außerdem die Zusammenhänge von modifizierten Emotionen und Basisemotionen untersucht, um ein besseres Verständnis von modifizierten Emotionen zu erhalten. Die Analyse der Ergebnisse zeigt Verbindungen zwischen modifizierten Emotionen und Basisemotionen, was es ermöglicht, die Basisemotion von modifizierten Emotionen zu erkennen

The Impact of intensifiers, diminishers and negations on emotion expressions

There are several areas of application for emotion detection systems, for example social media analysis, for which it is important to reliably recognize expressed emotions. This thesis takes negations, intensifiers and diminishers on emotion expressions in Tweets into account, in order to study whether this can improve an emotion detection system. It uses different emotion classifiers together with various modifier detection approaches to evaluate the impact of modifiers on emotion expressions. The results show that an emotion detection system can be slightly improved if negations are taken into account. The thesis also studies the correlation between modified emotion words and basic emotions to obtain a better understanding about modified emotions. The analysis of the results shows correlations between modified and basic emotions, which enables us to determine the expressed basic emotion of modified emotion words.Es existieren viele verschiedene Anwendungsgebiete für Systeme die Emotionen erkennen können, beispielsweise die Analyse von sozialen Medien, für die eine verlässliche Erkennung von ausgedrückten Emotionen wichtig ist. In dieser Arbeit werden Wörter, welche ausgedrückte Emotionen negieren, verstärken oder abschwächen anhand von Tweets in Betracht gezogen, um zu untersuchen, ob dies ein System zur Emotionserkennung verbessern kann. Es werden verschiedene Methoden zur Emotionserkennung mit unterschiedlichen Verfahren zur Erkennung solcher Modifikatoren verbunden, um den Einfluss von Modifikationen auf ausgedrückte Emotionen zu evaluieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ein System zur Emotionserkennung leicht verbessert werden kann, wenn Negationen mit in Betracht gezogen werden. In dieser Arbeit werden außerdem die Zusammenhänge von modifizierten Emotionen und Basisemotionen untersucht, um ein besseres Verständnis von modifizierten Emotionen zu erhalten. Die Analyse der Ergebnisse zeigt Verbindungen zwischen modifizierten Emotionen und Basisemotionen, was es ermöglicht, die Basisemotion von modifizierten Emotionen zu erkennen

Organizational culture, leadership style and effectiveness: A case study of middle eastern construction clients

During the last few decades, organizational effectiveness has received a great deal of attention in many industrial sectors. As a result, a variety of models have been formulated which measure organizational performance. In the construction industry, two factors have subsequently captured the imagination and interest of researchers and practitioners alike: the culture of the organization and the leadership style of project managers. This focus places a requirement upon construction organizations to recognize and understand their organizational culture, and equally, to clearly communicate it to their employees as part of their capitalist drive of constantly improving performance, productivity and profit. Traditional ways of conducting construction business require a sound understanding of the technical and managerial demands of executing projects, which in turn, places an increased emphasis upon the management and leadership competencies of individual project managers. The purpose of the research is to explore the relationship between organizational culture, authentic leadership style and effectiveness within the context of a case study investigation centred on Middle Eastern construction clients and their project managers. The outcomes of the investigation, which include the presentation of an explanatory model, indicate that organizational culture is directly and positively related to performance and effectiveness, while project managers' leadership style has an indirect relationship to effectiveness. A strong organizational culture is therefore deemed critical to organizational performance

Neutral Atom Quantum Computing Hardware: Performance and End-User Perspective

We present an industrial end-user perspective on the current state of quantum computing hardware for one specific technological approach, the neutral atom platform. Our aim is to assist developers in understanding the impact of the specific properties of these devices on the effectiveness of algorithm execution. Based on discussions with different vendors and recent literature, we discuss the performance data of the neutral atom platform. Specifically, we focus on the physical qubit architecture, which affects state preparation, qubit-to-qubit connectivity, gate fidelities, native gate instruction set, and individual qubit stability. These factors determine both the quantum-part execution time and the end-to-end wall clock time relevant for end-users, but also the ability to perform fault-tolerant quantum computation in the future. We end with an overview of which applications have been shown to be well suited for the peculiar properties of neutral atom-based quantum computers

Interprofessional approach for teaching functional knee joint anatomy

AbstractProfound knowledge in functional and clinical anatomy is a prerequisite for efficient diagnosis in medical practice. However, anatomy teaching does not always consider functional and clinical aspects. Here we introduce a new interprofessional approach to effectively teach the anatomy of the knee joint. The presented teaching approach involves anatomists, orthopaedists and physical therapists to teach anatomy of the knee joint in small groups under functional and clinical aspects. The knee joint courses were implemented during early stages of the medical curriculum and medical students were grouped with students of physical therapy to sensitize students to the importance of interprofessional work. Evaluation results clearly demonstrate that medical students and physical therapy students appreciated this teaching approach. First evaluations of following curricular anatomy exams suggest a benefit of course participants in knee-related multiple choice questions. Together, the interprofessional approach presented here proves to be a suitable approach to teach functional and clinical anatomy of the knee joint and further trains interprofessional work between prospective physicians and physical therapists as a basis for successful healthcare management

Multi-frame acquisition scheme for efficient energy-dispersive X-ray magnetic circular dichroism in pulsed high magnetic fields at the Fe K-edge

A multi-frame acquisition scheme for efficient energy-dispersive X-ray magnetic circular dichroism at the Fe K-edge is presented